Iibhotile zeplastiki ezithambileyo zifunxa amakhulu eekhemikhali emanzini okusela

Uphando olutshanje luye lwaphakamisa i-alamu malunga nemiphumo yempilo enokubakho yamanzi okusela kwiibhotile zeplastiki, kwaye izazinzulu zixhalabile ukuba iikhemikhali eziphuma emanzini zinokuba nemiphumo engaziwayo kwimpilo yabantu.Uphononongo olutsha luphanda into eyenziwa kwiibhotile ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe, zityhila amakhulu eekhemikhali. bakhuphela emanzini kwaye kutheni ukubadlula kwi-dishwasher inokuba luluvo olubi.
Uphononongo, olwenziwe ngabaphandi beYunivesithi yaseCopenhagen, lugxile kwiintlobo zeebhotile ezithambileyo ezisetyenziswa kwezemidlalo.Nangona ezi zixhaphake kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele, ababhali bathi kukho izikhewu ezinkulu ekuqondeni kwethu indlela imichiza ekwezi plastiki. bafudukele kumanzi okusela abawaphetheyo, ngoko ke baye benza imifuniselo yokuzalisa ezinye zezithuba.
Zombini iibhotile ezitsha kunye nezisetyenziswa kakhulu zokusela zazaliswa ngamanzi ompompo rhoqo kwaye zishiywe ukuba zihlale iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi nangemva kokuhamba kumjikelezo we-dishwasher.Usebenzisa i-mass spectrometry kunye ne-chromatography ye-liquid, izazinzulu zihlalutye izinto kwi-liquid ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlamba umatshini kunye emva kokuhlamba kahlanu ngamanzi epompo.
“Yayiyeyona nto inesepha kumphezulu eye yakhupha kakhulu emva kokuhlanjwa koomatshini,” watsho umbhali okhokelayo uSelina Tisler. “Uninzi lweekhemikhali eziphuma kwibhotile yamanzi ngokwazo zisekho emva kokuhlanjwa ngoomatshini kunye nokuhlanjwa okongeziweyo. Ezona zinto zinetyhefu esizifumeneyo zenziwa emva kokuba ibhotile yamanzi ifakwe kwi-dishwasher - mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba ukuhlamba kuyithoba iplastiki, eyonyusa ukuvuza.
Izazinzulu zifumene izinto ezingaphezu kwama-400 ezahlukeneyo emanzini ezivela kwizinto zeplastiki, kunye nezinto ezingaphezu kwama-3,500 ezivela kwisepha yokucoca izitya. Uninzi lwezi zizinto ezingaziwayo abaphandi abangekazazi, kwaye nezo zinokuchongwa, ubuncinane ama-70 ekhulwini ubutyhefu babo ayaziwa.
"Sasothuswa yinani elikhulu lemichiza efunyenwe emanzini emva kweeyure ze-24 kwibhotile," watsho umbhali wokufunda uJan H. Christensen. "Kukho amakhulu ezinto emanzini - kubandakanywa izinto ezingazange zifumaneke kwiplastiki ngaphambili, kunye nezinto ezinokuthi zibe yingozi empilweni. Emva komjikelo wokuhlamba izitya, kukho amawaka ezinto. ”
Izinto ezifunyenwe zizazinzulu ngovavanyo zibandakanya i-photoinitiators, iimolekyuli ezaziwa ukuba zinetyhefu kwizinto eziphilayo, ezinokuthi zibe yi-carcinogens kunye ne-endocrine disruptors.Baphinde bafumene izithambiso zeplastiki, i-antioxidants kunye ne-agent yokukhupha i-mold esetyenziswa kwimveliso yeplastiki, kunye ne-diethyltoluidine (DEET), eyona ixhaphakileyo kwizixhobo zokugxotha iingcongconi.
Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba zimbalwa zezinto ezichongiweyo zongezwa ngabom kwiibhotile ngexesha lokwenziwa kwemveliso.Uninzi lwazo lunokuba lwenziwe ngexesha lokusetyenziswa okanye ukuveliswa, apho enye into inokuthi iguqulelwe kwenye, njengesithambisi seplastiki abakrokrela ukuba siya kuba nakho. iguqulelwe kwi-DEET xa ithotywa.
UTissler uthe: “Kodwa nakwizinto ezaziwayo ezongezelelw’ ngabom ngabom, liqaqobana nje letyhefu eliye lafundwa,” utshilo uTissler. .”
Uphononongo longeza kumzimba okhulayo wophando malunga nendlela abantu abasebenzisa ngayo imali eninzi yeekhemikhali ngokusebenzisana kwabo neemveliso zeplastiki, kwaye ibonisa ngakumbi izinto ezininzi ezingaziwa kwintsimi.
UChristensen wathi: “Sixhalabele kakhulu amanqanaba asezantsi eyeza lezibulali-zinambuzane kumanzi okusela.” Kodwa xa sigalela amanzi kwisitya ukuze sisele, thina ngokwethu asilibazisi ukongeza amakhulu okanye amawaka ezinto emanzini. Nangona singekatsho okwangoku ukuba izinto ezikwibhotile enokusetyenziswa kwakhona ziyakuchaphazela impilo yethu, kodwa ndingasebenzisa iglasi okanye ibhotile yentsimbi engatyiwayo kwixesha elizayo.”