Iibhotile zeplastiki ezithambileyo zifunxa amakhulu eekhemikhali emanzini okusela

Uphando olutshanje luye lwaphakamisa i-alamu malunga nemiphumo yempilo enokubakho kumanzi okusela kwiibhotile zeplastiki, kwaye izazinzulu zixhalabile ukuba iikhemikhali eziphuma emanzini zinokuba nemiphumo engaziwayo kwimpilo yabantu.Uphononongo olutsha luphanda into eyenzekayo yeebhotile ezisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwakhona, ukutyhila amakhulu eekhemikhali ezikhulula emanzini kwaye kutheni ukudlula kwi-dishwasher kunokuba yinto embi.
Uphononongo, olwenziwa ngabaphandi beYunivesithi yaseCopenhagen, lugxininise kwiintlobo zeebhotile ezithambileyo ezisetyenziselwa kwimidlalo.Nangona ezi zixhaphake kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele, ababhali bathi kukho izikhewu ezinkulu ekuqondeni kwethu indlela imichiza ekula maplastiki afudukela ngayo emanzini okusela abambayo, ngoko ke baye benza iimvavanyo zokuzalisa ezinye zezikhewu.
Zomibini iibhotile ezitsha kunye nezisetyenziswa kakhulu zokusela zazaliswa ngamanzi ompompo rhoqo kwaye zashiya ukuhlala iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi nangemva kokuhamba kumjikelezo we-dishwasher.Usebenzisa i-mass spectrometry kunye ne-chromatography ye-liquid, izazinzulu zihlalutye izinto kwi-liquid ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlamba umatshini kwaye emva kokuhlamba ezintlanu ngamanzi ompompo.
Umbhali okhokelayo uSelina Tisler wathi: "Yayiyinto enesepha kumphezulu eyakhupha kakhulu emva kokuhlanjwa ngoomatshini." Uninzi lweekhemikhali eziphuma kwibhotile yamanzi zisekho emva kokuhlanjwa ngoomatshini kunye nokuhlamba okongeziweyo. Izinto ezinetyhefu kakhulu esizifumeneyo zenziwe ngokwenene emva kokuba ibhotile yamanzi ifakwe kwi-dishwasher - mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba ukuhlamba kuguga iplastiki, nto leyo Yandisa ukukhupha.
Izazinzulu zifumene izinto ezingaphezu kwama-400 ezahlukahlukeneyo emanzini ezivela kwizinto zeplastiki, yaye ngaphezu kwe-3,500 yezinto ezivela kwisepha yomatshini wokuhlamba izitya.Uninzi lwazo zizinto ezingaziwayo abaphandi abangekazazi, kwaye nezo zinokuchongwa, ubuncinane i-70 ekhulwini yetyhefu yazo ayaziwa.
"Sothuswa yinani elikhulu lemichiza efunyenwe emanzini emva kweeyure ze-24 kwibhotile," watsho umbhali wokufunda uJan H. Christensen. "Kukho amakhulu ezinto emanzini - kubandakanywa izinto ezingazange zifunyanwe kwiplastiki ngaphambili, kunye nezinto ezinokuthi zibe yingozi empilweni. Emva komjikelo wokuhlamba izitya, kukho amawaka ezinto."
Izinto ezifunyenwe zizazinzulu ngovavanyo zibandakanya i-photoinitiators, iimolekyuli ezaziwa ngokuba nemiphumo eyityhefu kwizinto eziphilayo, ezinokuthi zibe yi-carcinogens kunye ne-endocrine disruptors.Baphinde bafumene izithambiso zeplastiki, i-antioxidants kunye ne-mold release agents ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweplastiki, kunye ne-diethyltoluidine (DEET), eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwi-mosquito repellents.
Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba kuphela izinto ezimbalwa ezifunyenweyo zongezwa ngamabomu kwiibhotile ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa.Uninzi lwazo lunokuthi lwenziwe ngexesha lokusetyenziswa okanye ukuveliswa, apho enye into enokuthi iguqulwe ibe yinye, njenge-softener yeplastiki abayikrokrelayo iya kuguqulwa kwi-DEET xa iyancipha.
UTissler uthe: “Kodwa kwanangezinto ezaziwayo ezo ezongezelelwa ngabom ngabavelisi, liqaqobana nje letyhefu eliye laphononongwa,” utshilo uTissler.
Uphononongo longeza kumzimba okhulayo wophando malunga nendlela abantu abasebenzisa ngayo imali eninzi yeekhemikhali ngokusebenzisana kwabo neemveliso zeplastiki, kwaye ibonisa ngakumbi izinto ezininzi ezingaziwa kwintsimi.
UChristensen wathi: “Sixhalabele kakhulu ukwehla kwezibulali-zinambuzane kumanzi okusela.” Kodwa xa sigalela amanzi kwisitya ukuze sisele, thina ngokwethu asilibazisi ukongeza amakhulu okanye amawaka ezinto emanzini.”